CD95/CD95 ligand interactions on epithelial cells in host defense to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes severe infections, particularly of the lung, that are life threatening. Here, we show that P. aeruginosa infection induces apoptosis of lung epithelial cells by activation of the endogenous CD95/CD95 ligand system. Deficiency of CD95 or CD95 ligand on epithelial cells prevented apoptosis of lung epithelial cells in vivo as well as in vitro. The importance of CD95/CD95 ligand-mediated lung epithelial cell apoptosis was demonstrated by the rapid development of sepsis in CD95- or CD95 ligand-deficient mice, but not in normal mice, after P. aeruginosa infection.     

Translating biomolecular recognition into nanomechanics

We report the specific transduction, via surface stress changes, of DNA hybridization and receptor-ligand binding into a direct nanomechanical response of microfabricated cantilevers. Cantilevers in an array were functionalized with a selection of biomolecules. The differential deflection of the cantilevers was found to provide a true molecular recognition signal despite large nonspecific responses of individual cantilevers. Hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides shows that a single base mismatch between two 12-mer oligonucleotides is clearly detectable. Similar experiments on protein A-immunoglobulin interactions demonstrate the wide-ranging applicability of nanomechanical transduction to detect biomolecular recognition.     

水稻抽穗期茎鞘中储存的可用性糖与籽粒充实的关系

用抽穗期茎鞘中可用性糖（可溶性糖＋淀粉）的累积量与颖花数之比，即糖花比表示灌浆始期每朵颖花具有的物质积累。一般抽穗期糖花比高的品种（组合），灌浆初期籽粒中的ＩＡＡ和ＡＴＰ含量、ＡＴＰ酶活性、谷粒充实率和千粒重亦高，它们之间呈极显著正相关。增加抽穗期的糖花比，灌浆初期的籽粒生理活性和谷粒充实率提高，抽穗期糖花比减小，结果则相反。表明抽穗期茎鞘中储存的可用性糖不仅是籽粒灌浆物质的一部分，而且对提高灌浆初期籽粒库的活性、启动和促进籽粒灌浆起重要作用。     

接触自然的捷径,享受农作的乐园——上海市南汇区蔬菜产业示范园区规划

从20世纪90年代开始,为适应市场的变化,满足人们回归大自然的心理需求,现代高科技农业园的建设开始突破原有单一经营农业的格局,向农业观光旅游方向转移。以上海市南汇区蔬菜产业示范园区规划为例,将景观、生态与生产有机融合,突出乡土风貌、田园风情,为都市人提供“接触自然的捷径,享受农作的乐园”,实施旅游带动战略。     

水稻褐飞虱抗性基因研究进展

褐飞虱是危害水稻生产最重要的虫害之一。利用寄主抗性培育抗褐飞虱品种被认为是最经济、有效的方法。自20世纪60年代末开始鉴定褐飞虱水稻材料以来,我国在栽培品种中陆续发现并鉴定了大量抗褐飞虱材料,为抗褐飞虱基因的定位与克隆奠定了基础。截至目前共鉴定了19个褐飞虱主效抗性基因,其中大部分已经定位。针对目前水稻抗褐飞虱育种存在的问题,应结合稻褐飞虱生物型、水稻品种的遗传背景及生态适应性等考虑,不断提高已鉴定抗源及基因的利用率,注意防止或延缓新的褐飞虱生物型的产生,以提高选择效率,缩短育种年限。     

在Autocad平台建立具有GIS特征的森林图形系统

该文从森林图形库的概念和基本特征出发 ,完成森林图形库图层的标准设计和森林图形中小班多边形的封闭 .通过对森林图形的图元访问 ,实现森林图形”归一化” .在”归一化”森林图形上 ,实现其与资源数据库互访的动态管理     

磁性液体光透射变化的场致开关效应

通过研究磁性液体在平行于激光照射方向具有不同梯度的外磁场作用下,其光透射率随时间的变化情况,进一步研究了其在平行于光方向磁场作用下的开关效应,并从理论上定性地分析了导致这种现象的内在因素,讨论了微粒链的形成以及链在磁性液体内部的微观运动情况．     

Imaging quasiparticle interference in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta reveals weak, incommensurate, spatial modulations in the tunneling conductance. Images of these energy-dependent modulations are Fourier analyzed to yield the dispersion of their wavevectors. Comparison of the dispersions with photoemission spectroscopy data indicates that quasiparticle interference, due to elastic scattering between characteristic regions of momentum-space, provides a consistent explanation for the conductance modulations, without appeal to another order parameter. These results refocus attention on quasiparticle scattering processes as potential explanations for other incommensurate phenomena in the cuprates. The momentum-resolved tunneling spectroscopy demonstrated here also provides a new technique with which to study quasiparticles in correlated materials.     

Hepatic drug metabolism in rats: impairment in a dirty environment

Reduction of aniline hydroxylase activity, ethylmorphine N-dementhylase activity, and cytochrome P-450 content occurred in hepatic microsomes of rats kept under dirty conditions, defined as accumulation for 1 week of urine and feces in pans under the wire mesh cages. In comparison with rats that had urine and feces removed twice daily from such pans, rats kept over Kimpak bedding or over Litter Green, changed twice daily, also showed reduced drug-metabolizing activity in hepatic microsomes, but to a lesser degree than the dirty rats. Placement of a filter top on cages for 1 week also decreased drug-metabolizing activity. These experiments suggest that the relative cleanliness of an animal's environment can influence hepatic microsomal drug metabolism.     

The Physcomitrella genome reveals evolutionary insights into the conquest of land by plants

We report the draft genome sequence of the model moss Physcomitrella patens and compare its features with those of flowering plants, from which it is separated by more than 400 million years, and unicellular aquatic algae. This comparison reveals genomic changes concomitant with the evolutionary movement to land, including a general increase in gene family complexity; loss of genes associated with aquatic environments (e.g., flagellar arms); acquisition of genes for tolerating terrestrial stresses (e.g., variation in temperature and water availability); and the development of the auxin and abscisic acid signaling pathways for coordinating multicellular growth and dehydration response. The Physcomitrella genome provides a resource for phylogenetic inferences about gene function and for experimental analysis of plant processes through this plant's unique facility for reverse genetics.